During the Battle of Berlin Hitler gave the whole defense operation into the hands of General Helmuth Weidling under the condition to not surrender at any cost. However, after Hitlers and Goebbels suicide he surrendered and gave Berlin to the Russian on May 2nd, 1945.
The German Generaloberst Alfred Jodl proposed capitulation of all german forces left and signed the unconditional surrender.
In the phase from 1945 - 48 Germany was controlled by the allied powers - England, France, USA (West) and Soviet Union (East)
In 1948 The Bundesrepublik Deutschland was founded and Konrad Adenauer became the first chancellor.
The East separated from the West and became known as Deutsche Demokratische Republik - DDR.